What is a frozen shoulder?
A frozen shoulder is stiffness and pain in the shoulder.
How does it occur?
A frozen shoulder usually develops after a shoulder injury
that causes pain and does not allow you to move your
shoulder enough. Sometimes, however, a frozen shoulder may
occur for no known reason. If you have limited movement of
your shoulder for weeks, months, or years because of the
injury, the capsule surrounding the shoulder joint may
become very stiff. Your shoulder may develop scar tissue,
or adhesions, in the joint.
What are the symptoms?
Your shoulder will lose its normal ability to move in all
directions. You may not be able to lift your arm above your
head or be able to scratch your back. Movement of the
shoulder may be very painful. You may feel grinding when
moving your shoulder.
How is it diagnosed?
Your health care provider will examine your shoulder and may
take x-rays. In some cases, he or she may want to do an
arthrogram (an x-ray of your shoulder after dye is injected
into your shoulder joint) or an MRI (magnetic resonance
imaging) scan.
How is it treated?
Your health care provider will probably send you to physical
therapy for a supervised exercise program. You will also be
given exercises to do at home. Your provider may prescribe
an anti-inflammatory medicine and may choose to do an
injection of a corticosteroid medicine into your shoulder
joint. When your shoulder is painful it is important to use
ice packs on your shoulder for 20 to 30 minutes 3 or 4 times
a day.
In cases that do not respond to therapy, your health care
provider may talk to you about doing a "manipulation under
anesthesia." In this procedure, you are put to sleep with a
general anesthetic and your provider moves your shoulder in
various directions to break up the adhesions, bands of scar
tissue, in your shoulder capsule. You may need arthroscopic
surgery to see if there are other causes for your frozen
shoulder.
How long will the effects last?
The length of recovery depends on many factors such as your
age, health, and if you have had a previous shoulder injury.
The effects of a frozen shoulder can be long lasting and can
gradually worsen if the appropriate treatment is not done.
Since a frozen shoulder can be caused by several factors it
is important that these be corrected.
When can I return to my normal activities?
Everyone recovers from an injury at a different rate.
Return to your activities will be determined by how soon
your shoulder recovers, not by how many days or weeks it has
been since your injury has occurred. In general, the longer
you have symptoms before you start treatment, the longer it
will take to get better. The goal of rehabilitation is to
return you to your normal activities as soon as is safely
possible. If you return too soon you may worsen your
injury.
You may safely return to your normal activities when:
- Your injured shoulder has full range of motion without
pain.
- Your injured shoulder has regained normal strength
compared to the uninjured shoulder.
How can I prevent a frozen shoulder?
After you have had an injury to your shoulder it is
important that you do not limit your shoulder motion for a
prolonged period of time. It is important to do your
shoulder rehabilitation exercises as they have been
prescribed. If you feel that you are losing range of motion
in your shoulder you should see your health care provider.


Disclaimer: This content is reviewed periodically and is subject to
change as new health information becomes available. The
information provided is intended to be informative and educational and is not a
replacement for professional medical evaluation, advice, diagnosis or
treatment by a healthcare professional.
HIA File BJM3187F.HTM Release 9.0/2006. Copyright © 2006 McKesson Corporation and/or one of its subdiaries. All Rights Reserved.
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