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Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
 
What is non-Hodgkin's lymphoma?
Lymphomas are cancers that usually begin in the lymph nodes. Lymph nodes are part of the draining system of the body. They carry away waste products that are removed from the body through the liver and kidneys. Lymph nodes are connected with each other by lymph channels that are next to arteries and veins. The lymphatic system also produces antibodies and white blood cells to fight things foreign to the body such viruses and bacteria.

There are two types of lymphoma. Hodgkin's disease is one type. All other types of lymphomas are considered non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). The type of lymphoma is determined by how the cancer cells look under a microscope. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is far more common.

How does it occur?
Lymphomas develop when white blood cells known as lymphocytes become abnormal and start dividing without control. What causes this to happen is not known. Because lymph nodes are present in many parts of the body, lymphoma can start almost anywhere. It can occur in one lymph node, in a group of nodes, or in an organ. It can then spread to almost any part of the body. The risk of developing non-Hodgkin's lymphoma increases throughout life, and older adults have the highest risk.

What are the symptoms?
Symptoms may include:
  • painless swelling (nodes) in the neck, armpit, and groin
  • fever and chills
  • night sweats
  • tiredness
  • bone pain
  • weight loss.

How is it diagnosed?
A sample of tissue (biopsy) taken from an enlarged lymph node is examined under a microscope to confirm the diagnosis of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Other diagnostic tests, such as chest x-ray, CT scan, PET (positron emission tomography) scan, bone marrow biopsy, or biopsies of the liver, spleen, or lymph nodes in the abdomen may be done to determine how far the disease has progressed and to help decide the best course of treatment.

How is it treated?
Treatment depends on which type of lymphoma you have, and how far the disease has progressed. Some types grow very slowly and cause few problems. Radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or both may be used. Sometimes bone marrow transplants are done.

How can I take care of myself?
  • If you notice lumps in your neck, armpit, or groin, tell your health care provider.
  • Contact national and local self-help organizations such as:
    American Cancer Society, Inc.
    1599 Clifton Road, NE
    Atlanta, Georgia 30329
    800-ACS-2345 (800-227-2345)
    http://www.cancer.org

    AMC Cancer Research Center and Foundation
    800-321-1557
    http://www.amc.org

    Cancer Information Service
    800-4-CANCER (800-422-6237)
    http://cis.nci.nih.gov




Disclaimer: This content is reviewed periodically and is subject to change as new health information becomes available. The information provided is intended to be informative and educational and is not a replacement for professional medical evaluation, advice, diagnosis or treatment by a healthcare professional.

HIA File CNC3532F.HTM Release 9.0/2006. Copyright © 2006 McKesson Corporation and/or one of its subdiaries. All Rights Reserved.


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