Torticollis is a contracted state of the neck muscles. It used to be known as wryneck. It results in an unnatural position of the head where the chin is turned toward one shoulder. Sometimes the shoulder lifts up to meet the neck, as well. In an infant, it may be caused by birth trauma. If not treated, the problem will worsen. In adults, this twisting is usually caused by a spasm of the neck muscles. Causes of this neck spasm may vary, but include:
* muscular strain,
* stress,
* viral infection, or
* traumatic injury to the neck (whiplash).

Another manifestation of the problem is called spasmodic torticollis. In this disorder, a person notices an involuntary turning of the head to one side. It begins intermittently and becomes increasingly severe. This type of torticollis is seen more frequently in women than in men.

When mild, you are able to straighten your head against the resistance of the muscles. When severe, the neck will be held in a prolonged twisted position. It is important to determine what is causing the problem. Two common causes are sleeping on your stomach or holding the phone between your shoulder and ear. Changing these habits is easy. Get a pillow that supports the natural curve of your neck. Sleep on your side or your back to maintain the natural curve. If you use the phone often or for long periods, use your hand to hold the receiver or get a headset. Stress may cause tension in your neck muscles. A stress-reduction or relaxation program may help.

Treat torticollis the same way you do other neck pain:
* ice or heat applied to the tight area,
* gentle massage and stretching, and
* antiinflammatory medications like aspirin or ibuprofen.

Usually torticollis will respond to simple treatment. If the problem persists more than a few days or if you have more than one occurrence, see a healthcare provider.

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