Laxative abuse is an overuse of products that promote bowel movements. It is often seen in patients who do not include enough fiber or water in their diets. It may also result from a false belief that frequent bowel movements are necessary. Patients with eating disorders or binge eaters may abuse laxatives to void large meals.

Long-term laxative use often causes constipation. Abuse can have serious effects. It can damage the muscular function of the bowel. It can also drain the body of water, vitamins and minerals. Loss of minerals can cause an imbalance in the body's salts and minerals that must remain in balance. These salts and minerals are called electrolytes. The elderly are most vulnerable to these types of changes. Laxatives can also cause other drugs to stop working.

There are a variety of laxatives, some more powerful than others. The types that are most dangerous for long-term use are called cathartic laxatives. These include cascara sagrada, bisacodyl, castor oil, senna and phenolphthalein. These last two are often found in over-the-counter chocolate or candy-like tablets. Cathartics work rapidly and can cause severe cramps and diarrhea.

Others work by drawing water into the colon. They are somewhat safer than cathartics, but can still lead to dehydration and electrolyte disturbance. They include milk of magnesia, Epsom salts, and brands such as GoLYTELY and Colyte.

The safest laxatives are bulk forming agents that contain a crushed seed called psyllium. There are many brands, including Effersyllium, Metamucil, and Fibercon. They are fairly easy to digest, but may cause gas in some people.

Your healthcare provider can give advice on kicking a laxative habit. Tapering off may be better than stopping abruptly. Changing to products containing psyllium may help. There are natural alternatives to these drugs. Drink plenty of water with each meal and throughout the day. Eating more fresh fruits, vegetables and whole grains increases dietary fiber. It helps to go to the bathroom when you feel the urge. This may occur right after a meal. Regular exercise also promotes bowel movements. Finally, one should not worry about the frequency of bowel movements if there is no discomfort.

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