Most people have heard that HIV is transmitted by having unprotected sex with an HIV infected partner. But few people can say what safe sex really is.

The safest sex is no sex at all. This is called abstinence. Sex with a trusted monogamous partner, after you have determined that you are both free of sexually transmitted diseases, is likewise safe. If these are not possible, then people can protect themselves by keeping to safer sex guidelines. Each person must choose what level of risk they are willing to take. Deciding this before sexual contact will make it easier to stay with a decision.

Some choose to engage in "safer" sex activities, that do not expose them to vaginal fluids or semen. These activities would include hugging, kissing and mutual masturbation. Others decide to engage in oral sex, but not the riskier anal or vaginal intercourse. Others choose to use condoms every time they have vaginal, anal or oral sex.

Condoms have been shown to significantly decrease the chance of HIV transmission, but they are not foolproof. They must be used properly, and each time. Only latex or plastic condoms used with water based lubricants are effective. The use of alcohol and other drugs may impair one's judgment, and increase the chance of improper condom use, or risky sex.

It is best to talk about sex before you have it. This can be embarrassing, but it allows you to talk about keeping yourself safe.

To learn more, call your local AIDS Service Organization, or your local health department or the National AIDS Hotline at (800) 342-2437. Spanish speakers can call (800) 342-7432.

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