Neuralgia means burning, numbness and pain that extends along one or more nerves. A nerve is a cord-like bundle of fibers through which sense and motor impulses pass between the brain and the body. Neuralgia may occur in any of these nerves. There are several disorders in which this kind of pain keeps coming back. These major disorders include:
* cluster headaches,
* trigeminal neuralgia of the face,
* pain at the back of head, in the feet, and in the throat, tongue, or jaw, and
* sciatica, which affects the lower back, buttocks, and legs.

Some of the possible causes of neuralgia include:
* vitamin B-12 deficiency,
* chronic diseases such as diabetes and multiple sclerosis,
* infectious diseases such as herpes, malaria and syphilis, and tumors.

Attacks of pain often occur suddenly. There may be long periods between attacks. A person may suffer from anxiety and fear of the next attack. Attacks may be brought on by minor things, such as:
* irritation of the area,
* heat or cold,
* smiling or talking, or
* drinking something hot or cold.

Drugs may be given to relieve the pain. Control of any underlying condition (such as diabetes) will help prevent progression. Drugs to prevent flare-ups (such as acyclovir for herpes) may be helpful. When medical measures fail, surgery may be considered. There are a few methods to remove the root of the nerve. These include electrosurgery, microsurgery, and radio wave surgery.

After surgery, the person will lose the pain and also the sense of touch in the affected area. He or she must be extra alert for problems that pain would otherwise signal, such as:
* burns,
* dry eyes (if the eyes and blinking are affected) , and
* care in chewing, and watching for gum and dental problems (if the jaw or mouth is affected).

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