Peripheral neuritis is the inflammation of outlying nerves. It affects nerves and muscles in the arms and legs. If it is permanent, it can result in muscle weakness and wasting. There may also be a loss of sense of touch and a decrease in certain reflexes. There is usually a "pins and needles" type pain. This condition can occur at any age, but is most common in men between ages 30 and 50. The outlook is good if the cause is quickly identified and eliminated.

Causes of peripheral neuritis include:
* alcoholism,
* long term chemical poisoning,
* infectious diseases,
* gout,
* chronic diseases such as diabetes, arthritis, lupus,
* B-12 deficiency, and
* poor nutrition.

When the cause is a chronic disease or long-term exposure to a chemical, the onset may be slow. Those affected may make up for muscle weakness by overusing other muscle groups. Rapid onset is usually due to alcoholism or a severe infection. An example is when an alcoholic passes out and remains in the same position for several hours without moving. Upon waking the affected limb will feel "asleep", and may remain numb for quite some time. Temporary nerve damage will have occurred. Vitamin B complex deficiency, also common in alcoholism, can worsen this nerve damage.

Therapy includes:
* Finding and removing the cause.
* Vitamin and mineral supplements to treat deficiencies.
* Avoidance of alcohol, since it is toxic to nerve cells.
* Measures to reduce pain.
* Physical and massage therapy and range of motion exercises.
* Electrostimulation therapy to stimulate nerve and muscle growth.

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