Asthma is a chronic respiratory disorder characterized by labored breathing and wheezing resulting from obstructed and constricted air passages. Although asthma may result from an allergic reaction, specific allergens are not always identifiable. Illness and stress may lead to an attack.

When you have an asthma attack, the air passages in your lungs tighten. The thin, inner linings of these tubes become swollen and inflamed. Mucous produced in these tubes increases and thickens making it harder for you to breathe. During an asthma attack, your chest feels tight and it may be difficult to speak. Often it is easier to breathe in than to breathe out. You may cough or hear a high-pitched whistling sound called wheezing when you breathe. Things that may trigger an asthma attack include:
* irritants, such as cigarette smoke, chemicals, or perfumes,
* climate, such as changes in humidity or temperature extremes,
* strenuous exercise,
* respiratory infections and viruses,
* allergies, such as pollens, molds, animal dander, some foods or medications, and
* emotional stress.

Asthma attacks can be mild, moderate or severe. Treatment depends of the severity of the symptoms. Drugs called bronchodilators, such as albuterol, work to open the airways. Anti-inflammatory drugs, such as prednisone decrease swelling in the inflamed bronchial tubes. Some drugs are taken by mouth. Others are inhaled using inhalers or nebulizers.

Persons with asthma should avoid known asthma triggers. Increasing the intake of fluids helps to thin mucous, making it less sticky and easier to move. Rest and proper nutrition are important in the management of asthma. Work with your health care provider to develop a plan for maintenance as well as in the case of an acute attack. He or she may ask you to monitor your breathing using a peak flow meter. This device lets you measure your lung capacity and record daily results. Notify your doctor of any change. Small changes may mean a change in you treatment plan is indicated. Becoming sensitive to these changes can help you to avoid more serious attacks.

Become a participant in the management of your asthma. Learn more about the disease, avoid known triggers and follow your treatment plan. People with asthma can lead a comfortable, healthy and active life. For more information about asthma or other lung diseases, call (800) LUNG-USA.

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