A urinary catheter is a hollow, flexible synthetic tube inserted into the urethra to allow the passage of urine. The urethra is the body's tube which connects the bladder to the outside of the body. Sometimes a person needs help ridding their body of urine. This may be because of a blockage, or because they cannot control their urination. While the catheter is in place, the urine flows freely into a collection bag.

A urinary blockage can be painful and dangerous if not treated promptly. By inserting a catheter into the urethra, the urine is released and the pressure subsides. There are several conditions that can lead to blockage. These include:
* bladder stones,
* a swollen prostate gland in men,
* sagging pelvic organs in women, or
* certain medications used during surgery.

A blockage can also occur in the ureters. The ureters are the tubes from the kidneys to the bladder. In this case, a simple catheter will not relieve the problem. Women often have transient blockage during childbirth. This is more likely if they receive an epidural pain killer.

Sometimes adult diapers may be used for those who cannot control their urination. Other times a catheter may be used. Some examples include:
* in cases of lower body paralysis,
* in hospitalized patients who are bed bound, and
* during surgery.

Usually a catheter is left in the urethra for a short time only. Persons with long term problems, such as paralysis, may need a permanent catheter. Other times, catheters are used on an "in-and-out" basis. This means they are inserted to empty the bladder on a routine schedule, then removed.

If you, or someone you care for, uses a urinary catheter routinely, be sure to follow strict instructions to avoid urinary tract infections. If you have bladder urgency but can't pass your urine, seek medical attention right away. Contact your health care provider or go to the nearest hospital emergency department.

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